Anal Fissure: Meaning, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
The fissure is a longitudinal break or tear in the skin. The condition can affect all age groups of people. In simple terms, an anal fissure is a small cut or tear in the lining of the anus which causes severe pain or bleeding during and after bowel movements. However, it is most common in middle-aged adults and infants. The risk of anal fissure declines in elderly people.
WHAT IS FISSURE
Fissure is a tear in the skin, and the tear in the lining of the anus or anal canal is the anal fissure. The condition may cause bleeding and pain in the anus.
A person should consult the healthcare provider if he/she faces persistent painful bowel movements and notice blood on stools. Anal fissures may be prevented by taking measures to help prevent constipation, and diarrhoea.
TYPES OF ANAL FISSURE
Acute Anal Fissure
This type of anal fissure clears up majorly in six weeks. This is a very general kind of fissure that commonly appears as linear with clear edges.
1
Chronic Anal Fissure
This type of anal fissure persists for more than six weeks that is why it is known as chronic anal fissure. If it is not treated on time, then there is a possibility that it will take a few years to heal.
2
CAUSES
- Constipation
- Chronic diarrhea
- Anal intercourse
- Childbirth
- Anal cancer
- Tuberculosis
- Crohn's disease
- HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
HOW IS IT FORMED?
Anal fissure is formed as a result of trauma or injury to the anal canal and its inner lining after passing the hard stool that causes stretching and damage to the anus.
It is a longitudinal tear in the skin of the anal canal. The fissure that is just 6-8 weeks is an acute fissure that may be formed due to previous surgery related to anus. Uncontrollably overtight anal sphincter muscles, scarring in the anorectal region and inserting of foreign objects into the anus lead to formation of anal fissure.
SYMPTOMS
- Bleeding
- Itching around the anus
- Burning sensation
- Crack in the anal skin
- Small lump around anal region
DIAGNOSIS
Physical examination -The physical examination involves gently separating the buttocks so that the doctor can see the area around the anus. There are many other ways of diagnosing anal fissures like:
Anoscopy – A thin, flexible tube with a light and camera on the end will be inserted into the anal canal to diagnose an anal fissure.
Colonoscopy – Colonoscopy is used to diagnose fissure in the presence of an underlying disease, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). It can also help visualise the entire colon.
Sigmoidoscopy – This procedure is used when you are having chronic fissure to examine the lower colon.
DO's
Eat healthy & balanced dietSoak in wam waterDrink enough waterDONT's
Do not strain excessively while poopingDo not avoid the urge of passing stool for longDo not have excessive amount of caffeineTREATMENTS
NON-SURGICAL TREATMENTS
Topical anaesthetic creams, like lidocaine hydrochloride, can help relieve pain.
Botulinum toxin type A (Botox) injection, is a kind of injection that helps in paralyzing the anal sphincter muscle which further helps in relaxing spasms.
Externally applied nitroglycerin (Rectiv), is a very effective non-surgical treatment that helps in increasing the blood flow to the anal fissure and helps in healing or treating the anal sphincter.
Blood pressure medications, like diltiazem (Cardizem) or oral nifedipine can help relax the anal fissure or anal fissure. These medicines can be taken through the mouth and can also be applied externally.
SURGICAL TREATMENTS
If a person is suffering from chronic anal fissure that can not be treated with other treatments, then the doctor recommend surgery. Following are the surgical treatments for fissure:
Lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) - Doctors make a small cut or incision for reducing pain and spasm and promote healing of the anal fissure.
Laser Sphincterotomy - A laser is used for making the incision and help in relaxing the tight muscles in the anal fissure.
RISKS AND COMPLICATIONS
Common risk factors which develop anal fissure involves:
- Frequent diarrhea
- Chronic constipation
- Women who just gave birth to a child
- Anal trauma
- People with Crohn’s disease (Crohn’s disease is one of the forms of inflammatory bowel disease).
Some of the complications associated with fissure are:
- Recurrence
- Extension of tears
- Extreme pain
- Infections
- Fistula formation
IF LEFT UNTREATED
If the fissures are left untreated, the tear or break may extend and become more difficult to treat. The worsening of the condition may lead to various complications like extreme pain during bowel movements.
Some of the health related outcomes associated with leaving the fissure untreated include:
- Constant pain
- Decreased quality of life
- Serious infections
- Anal cancer
COST
In India, the lowest laser fissure surgery cost is around ₹35,000 and the maximum price of laser fissure surgery is about ₹1,10,000. However, the prices may differ depending on your medical condition, choice of hospital, facilities you’ll require, and also depends on cities or location.
Financial Options
INSURANCE COVERAGE
Fissure treatment is covered under health insurance. The insurers have the policies that define the cost of coverage under health insurance. Advanced laser surgery for treating fissures comes under health insurance with other benefits as well, depending upon the type of insurance. Glamyo Health help patients deal with the hassle of claiming the health insurance for the appropriate treatment when required.
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Sudha devi
Fissure
Hi, my name is Rohin Singh and my mother Sudha devi. We consulted a good doctor for treatment and he prescribed surgery for Anal read more
Fissure | Surgeries
Dr. Shuddhatam jain4 
Apollo Noida4.3 (115)
New Delhi
Sonali Rao
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Hi, my name is Sonali, I was admitted here for my surgery through Glamyo Health. I received a pick up and drop off facility, rig read more
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- Dr. Sunny Agarwal5
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Ananda r
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Hi, my name is Anand, I got to know about Glamyo Health through Facebook and I immediately contacted the given number. I had my read more
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- Dr. Bala Krishna M Naik5
- Vasavi Hospital4.1 (21)
- Bangalore
Suresh Mitt ...
Fissure
Very good doctor. He did painless surgery, which is good for me. I got treated for fissure-in-Ano, and Dr. Hariom Gupta from G read more
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- Dr. Hari Om Gupta4
- D P Bora Superspecia...5 (5)
- Lucknow
Vipul Yadav
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Good support from Glamyo Health Care. They supported me at every step and arranged everything at the hospital. Really happy that read more
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- Dr. Sunny Agarwal5
- SRV Mamata Hospital4.2 (24)
- Mumbai
Arvind Sing ...
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Hello, my name is Arvind Singh. Just a few days back I had Piles surgery in Felix Hospital, Greater Noida. The effort put in by read more
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- Dr. Shuddhatam jain4
- Felix Hospitalnull (null)
- New Delhi
Gunasekar
Fissure
My Piles problem was really making me afraid that what if it got worse. So, I somehow found about Glamyo Health and decided to c read more
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- Dr. Bala Krishna M Naik5
- Kanva Sri Sai Hospit...
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Priyansh Mi ...
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Good service, recommended for fissure treatment,Good service, Smooth Cashless procedure. Glamyo Health Care executive Priya Sing read more
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- Dr. Raj Kumar Singh4
- Delhi Surgical Cente...4.3 (150)
- New Delhi
Naveen Kuma ...
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I had a great experience with Glamyo. My coordinator Ashok has been very supportive till the surgery got done and very informati read more
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- Dr. Bala Krishna M Naik5
- Kanva Sri Sai Hospit...
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Monindra Ma ...
Fissure
I was in contact with Mr. Vishal Mathur, he was really helpful, he used to respond very positively whenever I called from the pr read more
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- Apollo Noida4.3 (115)
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Know More About Fissure
An anal fissure is a small thin tear in the tissue lining of the anus. It may occur due to prolonged constipation. Generally, stool softeners are taken at the initial stage of the fissure, along with changes in dietary habits. But the complicated condition requires surgery.
Glamyo Health provides hassle-free laser surgery to treat fissure in the best hospitals with personalized care. You can get the advanced laser surgery for fissure in Delhi NCR. The Fissure Treatment cost in Delhi relies on numerous elements and varies from ₹30,000 to ₹70,000 in Delhi.
Glamyo Health presents a complete guide to help you find the Best Fissure Treatment options, Best Fissure Surgery alongside the specialized surgeons in proctology for the best fissure treatment. You can go through the patient reviews who went through a smooth successful fissure treatment from Glmayo Health.
There may be certain tips that can help you in preventing anal fissures that include:
Tips for adults:
- Try to keep the anal area dry
- Use soft cotton cloth or cotton pad to wipe the sensitive region.
- Get the medication for diarrhea and constipation as soon as possible.
- Take measures to avoid irritation of rectum
Tips for infants:
- Use good quality diaper and change them frequently
- Treat the constipation and bowel problems of the baby
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